Jar



April 13, 1937. B. F. coNNER JAR 2 Smeets-sheet 1 Filed Oct. l, 1936 fnrfentbf .Esq/15ml?? f. Canne!" 4147* April 13, 1937. B. F. coNNE'R JAR Filed Oct. 1, 1936 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented Apr. 13, 1937 UNTED STATES PATENT OFFICE JAR Connecticut Application October 1, 1936, Serial No. 103,553

18 Claims.

This invention relates primarily to jars of the type disclosed in my co-pending application for Jars, Serial No. 18,031, filed April 24, 1935, which jars are primarily intended for containing cosmetic preparations including salves, cold creams a-nd other preparations of a pastelike consistency and also including powders. A jar of this type consists of two separate thin-walled members, each of which may be molded from a material of the synthetic resin class. The inner member is formed for engagement with a closure or cap and is adapted for containing the cream or other cosmetic preparation; and the outer or base member serves to support the inner or containing member and to provide at least a portion of the desired exterior contour or design. The two members are engaged with each other in such manner as to provide resistance to separation and in such manner as to prevent relative rotation. The two parts of the jar are ordinarily formed of different materials. The diierence between the two materials may be primarily a difference in color only, but usually it is necessary for the inner or containing member to be formed of a material highly resistant to the chemical action of the particular preparations which the jar is to contain. The outer or base member need not be so highly resistant to chemical action and for this a different and less expensive material may be used.

In my aforesaid application, of which this present application is a continuation-in-part, I have disclosed several embodiments of the invention which is therein broadly claimed; but

the more specific claims of the said application are directed to those particular embodiments wherein the inner member and the o-uter member engage each other near the top of the jar and near the periphery thereof. The present application relates more specifically to those embodiments of the aforesaid broad invention whe-rein the inner or containing member and the outer or base member are engaged or connected with each other near the bottom of the jar, the points of engagement being preferably spaced inward from the periphery of the outer or base member.'

Firm engagement must be effected between the members to hold them in assembled relationship, frictional engagement being ordinarily relied upon. In order to obtain such advantages as light weight, economy of material and satisfactory curing, the walls of the members are made quite thin, and they are therefore unavoidably somewhat fragile. When the frictional engagement is at or near the tops of the members, there (Cl. 21E-12) is a tendency to break the thin walls, atleast that of the outer member, when the members are forced together.

Moldable materials of the synthetic resin class are subjected to heat during molding and more or less shrinkage occurs during the subsequent cooling, and different degrees of shrinkage may be encountered particularly when the materials are different. Even with materials supposedly having exactly the same characteristics, the extent of shrinkage will vary slightly, and the extent of shrinkage may vary rather widely when materials are used which have distinctly different characteristics as to color or as to chemical composition. In the constructions specifically claimed in the prior application, shrinkage of the inner member to an extent greater than that of the outer member may cause the parts tol rit so loosely as to be too readily separable from each other; or if the extent of shrinkage of the outer member is greater than that of the inner member, it may be impossible to assemble the parts at all, or attempted assembly may cause the breaking of one member or the other, usually the outer member, as already mentioned.` The shrinkage of the parts may in some instances continue for a long period of time, with the result that breakage may occur long after the jar has left the manufacturer and is in the hands of the dealer or of the user.V

In the constructions specifically claimed in the prior application, in addition to the difficulties due to differentials in shrinkage, further difficulties are encountered when the jar is used for a cosmetic cream o-r a similar product which is poured into the jar in a hot fluid or semifluid condition. The hot cream heats the jar, and more particularly the inner member thereof, and this heating and resultant greater expansion of the inner member may cause breakage of the outer member, even though the two members have resisted the initial strains resulting from assembly. l

In accordance with the present invention I avoid so far as possible any frictional engagement between the two members' at their upper peripheries where they are 'weakest and where their diameters are the greatest, and I effect the required engagement at points which are near the bottom where the members are stronger and which are preferably spaced inward from the peripheries so that the diameters are substantially less.k I thus not only avoid any tendency tol break or excessively stress the thin unsupported upper walls ofthe members under normal asl sembly conditions but I also greatly minimize lll the difiiculties which frequently arise, as already explained, from abnormal or unavoidable differences in shrinkage or in expansion.

In accordance with a more specific phase of the invention, the interengaging parts of the two jar members are not only near the bottoms of the members but are actually on or directly connected with the respective bottom walls thereof.

The invention relates still morespeciiically to certain details of construction which enable the interengaging parts, which are positioned as` aforesaid, to be readily assembled with each other and to be securely held inl assembled relationship.

In the accompanying drawings I have shown several embodiments of the invention, but it will be understood that the drawings are intended for illustrative purposes only and are not to be construed as defining or limiting the scope of the invention, the claims forming a part of this specication being relied upon for that purpose.

Of the drawings:

Fig. 1 is a side View of a jar embodying the invention, a portion of the closure being broken away to show the closure retaining threads.

Fig. 2 is a vertical central sectional View through the jar shown in Fig. 1,.the closure being omitted.

Fig. 3 is a horizontal sectional view taken along the line 3-3 of Fig. 2.

Fig. 4 is a View similar to Fig. 2 but showing an alternative embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 5 is a fragmentary horizontal sectional view taken along the line 5-5 of Fig. 4.

Fig. 6 is a combined elevational and vertical sectional view showing another alternative embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 7 is a horizontal sectional view taken along the line 'I-'I of Fig. 6.

Fig. 8 is a View somewhat similar to Fig. '7 but illustrating an intermediate step in the assembly of the two members of the jar.

Fig. 9 is an elevational View of another alternative embodiment of the invention.

Fig. l is a combined elevational and vertical sectional view` of the jar shown in Fig. 9.

Fig. l1 is a horizontal sectional view taken along the line II-II of Fig. 10.

Referring to the drawings and more particularly to Figs. 1, 2 and 3 thereof, I and 2 represent respectively the two main members constituting the jar. The member I is designated as the inner or containing member, and the member 2 is designated as the outer or base member.

The inner or containing member I is a thin- Walled cup-shaped member preferably molded from a material of the synthetic resin class and it is preferably of such shape that its interior diameter at the top is at least as large as the interior diameter below the top. The bottom wall of the containing member is indicated at 3. The containing member I is threaded adjacent its upper periphery as indicated at 4, being thus adapted for engagement with a threaded closure of the cap type.

The outer or base member 2 is so related to the containing member I as to permit the said con-l taining member to be assembled vertically downward with respect thereto. The base member has a peripheral annular portion Ii which is in engagement adjacent its top with an annular portion of the containing member I, and the base member preferably has a bottoml wall 'Iy which is positioned beneath the containing member.

While I do not necessarily so limit myself, the

of the base member. `shown as being provided at e with interengaging annular portion 6 of the base member is shown in Figs. 1 to 3 as surrounding the entire lower portion of the containing member and as being spaced outward therefrom. The containing member I is provided with a thin outward projecting annular flange Slimmediately below the threads at 4, this flange being of such size and so positioned that the bottom surface thereof is engaged by the top edge `of the annular portion 6 The elements 6 and 8 are rabbets which serve to prevent lateral displacement of one of the members with respect to the other.

Frictionally engaging walls are provided for normally holding the two members in their proper relationship; and in order to avoid, or at least minimize, the vdifculties already explained, these interengaging walls are spaced downward from the tops of the members and are preferably spaced inward from the periphery of the outer or base member. As shown, the inner or containing member is provided near the bottom wall 3 thereof with an annular peripheral series of vertical serrations as indicated at I0. The outer or base member is provided with a plurality of integral ribs I I projecting radially inward from its peripheral wall, the inner faces ofthe said ribs being serrated as shown at I2 so as to engage the serrations' I0 on the containing member. It will be apparent that the inner or containing member I can be assembled vertically downward with respect to the outer or base member 2, the serrations I0 of the containing member readily engaging with the serrations I2 on the ribs I I of the base member. The engaging surfaces at the serrations frictionally resist separation of the members and positively prevent relative rotation.

By reason of the fact that the interengaging surfaces at I0 and I2 are closely adjacent the bottom walls of the respective members, greatly increased strength is provided and the members will resist breakage even though considerable force may be necessary to assemble them, or even though there may be a considerable difference in expansion due to subsequent heating. Furthermore, on account of the smaller diameter, they dimensional differences resulting from shrinkage or expansion will be smaller.

The construction shown in Figs. 4 and 5 differs from that shown in Figs. l to 3 in that the interengaging walls for holding the members in assembled relationship are carried directly by and are preferably formed integrally with the bottom walls of the two members. The inner or containing member Ia is or may be similar to the member I already described with the exception that in lieu of the serrations ID at the periphery, there is provided a retaining means formed integrally with the bottom wall 3a of the said member. The outer or base member 2a is or may be similar to the member 2 already described with the exception that the inward projecting ribs II, II are omitted and in lieu thereof there is provided a retaining means formed integrally with the bottom wall 'ia and adapted to engage the retaining means on the bottom wall of the inner or containing member.

The interengaging means on the bottom walls 3a and Ia may be varied as to details of construction, but preferably'and as shown there is a vertically extending plug on one bottom wall and a. corresponding socket on the .other bottom wall adapted to receive and frictionally hold the plug. As shown, there is a downward extending central plug I3 formed integrally with the bottom wall 3a of the containing member Ia. This plug may be hollow for economy of material. Formed on the bottom wall 'Ia of the member 2a is an upward extending central socket I4 adapted to receive the plug I3. For economy of material the bottom of the socket may be open. The plug I3 and the socket I4 are of such size as to be adapted to firmly engage each other and to resist separation of the two members. The said walls are preferably serrated as shown at I5 or they are otherwise non-circular so as to prevent relative rotative movement between the members. It will be apparent that the construction shown in Figs. 4 and 5 has all of the advantages that have been described in connection with the construction shown in Figs. 1 to 3, the construction being perhaps somewhat more desirable by reason of the smaller diameter of the interengaging surfaces at I5.

The construction shown in Figs. 6 to 8 is in many respects similar to that shown in Figs. 4 and 5 but varies in important details and has important additional advantages. The inner or containing member ib is or may be similar to the members I and Ia already described except that a diierent form of retaining means is provided. The closure 5b is or may be similar to the cap 5 shown in Fig. l. The outer or base member 2b is or may be similar to the members 2 and 2a already described except that a different form of retaining means is provided. The said member 2b has an annular portion 6b, which surrounds the lower part of the containing member and engages a iiange 8b thereon.

Instead of having only a single plug and a single socket as disclosed in Figs. 4 and 5, the construction shown in Figs. 6 to 8 has a plurality of eccentrically located plugs and a corresponding plurality of eccentrically located sockets. As shown, the plugs are on the inner or containing member and the sockets are on the outer or base member.

Projecting downward from the bottom wall 3b of the containing member lb are four relatively small plugs E6, I6 which are locatedl at uniform distances from the axis of the jar and which are preferably spaced apart uniformly or substantially so. Formed on the bottom wall 'Ib of the outer or base member 2b are four sockets Il, II of such size and so positioned as to be adapted to receive the said plugs i6, l5. On account of the substantially uniform spacing it is possible for the two members of the jar to be assembled in four angularly diierent relationships.

While the plugs and sockets are substantially uniformly spaced from each other as already stated, they may vary slightly from such uniformity in order to provide increased friction of engagement, as explained in detail in my aforesaid co-pending application.

In order to facilitate assembly7 annular ribs are preferably provided on one of the members, which ribs serve to prevent the plugs on one of the members from entering the spaces lbetween the sockets on the other of the members. Preferably and as shown, arcuate ribs I8, I8 are provided on they bottom wall of the base member between the sockets Il, Il. When the two members are initially assembled the plugs I6, I6 may engage the ribs I8, i3 at some intermediate relative position, as shown for instance in Fig. 8. Then the inner member can be turned relatively to the outer member until the plugs come into register with and enter the sockets.

In order to still further facilitate. assemblyy the sockets I'I, I7 may be provided with raised transverse stops I9, I9. When stops such as I9, I9 are provided, the inner or containing member after being once entered in the outer or base member, is turned in the clockwise direction until the plugs I6, I6 engage the stops I9, I9. When. such engagement occurs the plugs are in register with the sockets and will readily enter the sockets upon application of vertical pressure.

Preferably the several plugs I6, I6 have their main body portions smaller than the sockets and are. provided with a plurality of narrow vertical ns 29, 26. which project radially outward from the body of the plug. These ns provide narrow bearing surfaces for engagement with the walls of the sockets, and they tend to out into the socket walls to provide a firmer engagement.

Preferably each plug has only two ns 2U, 20 which project in opposite directions substantially perpendicularly to a radius through the axis of the jar. Thus the plugs engage the interior walls of the sockets only at those portions of the said walls which extend approximately radially. The result of this is that the shrinkages of the two members can vary considerably without substantially affecting the character of the t between the plugs and the sockets.

The construction shown in Figs. 9 to 11 is similar'to that shown in Figs. 6 to 8, the principal diiference being in the relative shapes and proportions of the two main members of the jar. The inner or containing member Ic is so constructed that a considerable portion of its main peripheral wall is exposed at the periphery of the jar. The closure 5C is similar to the closure 5b shown in Fig. 6 but is somewhat larger in diameter. The annular portion 6c of the base member 2c extends upward through a much smaller distance than does the portion 6b of the member 2b, and the said annular portion surrounds only the extreme lower portion of the containing member Ic.

The two members Ic and 2 are connected with each other at their bottoms by means of plugs and sockets which are or may be the same in construction as shown in Figs. 6 to 8. Repetition of the description is deemed unnecessary.

What I claim is: v

1. The combination in a jar of the class der scribed, of a thin-walled cup-shaped molded containing member externally threaded adjacent its upper periphery for engagement with a closure of the cap type and having its interior diameter at the top at least as large as is the interior diameter below the top, a molded base member adapted to permit the said containing member to be assembled vertically downward with re-v spect thereto and having a peripheral annular portion which is in engagement adjacent its top with an annular portion of the containing member, and retaining means formed integrally with the containing member and with the base member and having interengaging substantially vertical walls immediately adjacent the bottom Wall of the containing member and servingy to frictionally resist relative upward movement of the containing member and also serving to positively prevent relative rotation between the two members.

2. The combination in a jar of the class described, of a thin-walled cup-shapedmolded containing member externally threaded adjacent its upper periphery for engagement with a closure lll of the cap type and having its interior diameter at the top at least as large as is the interior diameter below the top, a molded base member adapted to permit the said containing member to be assembled vertically downward with respect thereto and having a peripheral annular portion which is in engagement adjacent its top with an annular portion of the containing member, and retaining means formed integrally with the containing member and with the base member and having interengaging substantially vertical walls immediately adjacent the bottom wall of the containing member and spaced inward from the periphery of the base member, the said interengaging walls serving to frictionally resist relative upward movement of the containing member and also serving to positively prevent relative rotation between the two members.

3. The combination in a jar of the class described, of a thin-walled cup-shaped molded containing member externally threaded adjacent its upper periphery for engagement with a closure of the cap type and having its interior diameter at the top at least as large as is the interior diameter below the top, a molded base member adapted to permit the said containing member to be assembled vertically downward with respect thereto and having a peripheral annular portion which is in engagement-adjacent its top with an annular portion of the containing member, and means formed integrally with the containing member and with the base member and having inter-engaging substantially vertical walls at the periphery of the containing member near the bottom thereof and serving to frictionally resist relative upward movement of the containing member and also serving to positively prevent relative rotation between the two members.

4. The combination in a jar of the class described, of a thin-walled cup-shaped molded containing member externally threaded adjacent its upper periphery for engagement with a closure of the cap type and having its interior diameter at the top at least as large as is the interior diameter below the top, the said member having an outward projecting annular flange immediately below the thread. a molded base member adapted to permit the said containing member to be assembled vertically downward with respect thereto and having an annular portion which surrounds the containing member and is in engagement at its top edge with the bottom surface of the said flange, and means formed integrally with the containing member and with the base member and having interengaging substantially vertical walls at the periphery of' the containing member near the bottom thereof and spaced inward from the periphery of the base member, the said interengaging walls serving to frictionally resist relative upward movement of the containing member and also serving to positively prevent relative rotation between the two members.

5. The combination in a jar of the class described, of a thin-walled cup-shaped molded containing member adapted at its upper periphery for engagement with a closure of the cap type and having its interior diameter at the top at least as large as is the interior diameter below the top, the said member having an outward projecting annular flange immediately below the thread, a molded base member adapted to permit the said containing member to ybe assembled vertically downward with respect thereto and having an annular portion which surrounds-the containing member and is in engagement at its top edge with the bottom surface of the said flange. an annular series of vertical serrations formed integrally on the periphery of the containing member near the bottom thereof, and a plurality of integral ribs projecting radially inward from the periphery of the base member and serrated to engage the serrations on the containing member, the said ribs being near the bottom of the base member and having their top ends below and spaced from the flange on the containing member.

.6. The combination in a jar of the class described, of a thin-Walled cup-shaped molded containing member externally threaded adjacent its upper periphery for engagement with a closure of the cap type and havingits interior diameter at the top at least as large as is the interior diameter below the top, a base member adapted to permit the said containing member to be assembled vertically downward with respect thereto, the said base member having a peripheral annular portion which is in engagement adjacent its top with an annular portion of the containing member and having a wall positioned beneath the containing member, and two means respectively connected with the bottom wall of the containing member and with the last said wall of the base member and interengaging with each other to resist relative upward movement of the containing member and also to resist relative rotation between the two members.

7. The combinationin a jar of the class described, of a thin-walled cup-shaped molded containing member adapted at its upper periphery for engagement with a closure of the cap type and having its interior diameter at the top at least as large as is the interior diameter below the top, a molded base member adapted to permit the said containing member to be assembled vertically downward with respect thereto, the said base member having a peripheral annular portion which is in engagement adjacent its top with an annular portion of the containing member and having a bottom wall positioned beneath the containing member, at least one vertically extending plug on the bottom wall of one of the members, and at least one socket on the bottom wall of the other of the members which socket is of such size and so positioned as to receive and engage the plug and thereby frictionally resist relative upward movement of the containing member and also positively prevent relative rotation between the two members.

8. The combination in a jar of the class described, of a thin-walled cup-shaped molded containing member adapted at its upper periphery for engagement with a closure of the cap type and having its interior diameter at the top at least as large as is the interior diameter below the top, a molded base member adapted to permit the said containing member vto be assembled vertically downward with respect thereto, the said base member having a peripheral annular portion which is in engagement adjacent its top with an annular portion of the containing member and having a bottom wall positioned beneath the containing member, a central non-circular vertically extending plug on the bottom wall of one of the members, and a central plug receiving socket on the bottom wall of the other of the members, the said socket being non-circular and corresponding in size and shape to the said plug so as to frictionally resist relative upward movement of the containing member and also posimembers are relatively rotated to bring the plug tively prevent relative rotation between the two members.

9. The combination in a jar of the class described, of a thin-walled cup-shaped molded containing member adapted at its upper periphery for engagement with a closure of the cap type and having its interior diameter at the top at least as large as is the interior diameter below the top, a base member adapted to permit the said containing member to be assembled vertically downward with respect thereto, the said base member having a peripheral annular portion Ywhich is in engagement adjacent its top with an annular portion of the containing member and having a bottom wall positioned beneath the containing membter, a plurality of vertically extendving plugs on the bottom wall of one of the memmember and also positively prevent relative rotation between the two members.

10. The combination in a jar of the class described, of a thin-walled cup-shaped molded containing member adapted at its upper periphery for engagement with a closure of the cap type and having its interior diameter at the top at least as large as is the interior diameter below the top, a molded base member adapted to permit the said containing member to be assembled vertically downward with respect thereto, the said base member having a peripheral annular portion which is in engagement adjacent its top with an annular portion of the containing member and having a bottom wall positioned beneath the containing member, a plurality of vertically extending plugs on the bottom wall of one of the members which plugs are at uniform distances from the central vertical axis of the jar and are substantiaily uniformly spaced from each other, and a plurality of sockets on the bottom wall of the other of the members which sockets are of such size and so positioned as to receive the respective plugs and thereby frictionally resist relative upward movement of the containing member and also positively prevent relative rotation between the two members.

l1. The combination in a jar of the class described, of a thin-walled cup-shaped molded containing member adapted at its upper periphery for engagement with a closure of the cap type and having its interio-r diameter at the top at least as large as is the interior diameter below the top, a molded base member adapted to permit the said containing member to be assembled vertically downward with respect thereto, the said base member having a peripheral annular portion which is in engagement adjacent its top with an annular portion of the containing member, a plurality of vertically extending plugs on the bottom wall of one of the members which plugs are at uniform distances from the central vertical axis of the jar and are substantially uniformly spaced from each other, a plurality of sockets on the bottom wall of` the other of the members which sockets are of such size and so positioned as to receive the respective plugs and thereby irictionally resist relative upward movement of the containing member and also positively prevent relative rotation between the two members, and arcuate ribs on one of the members for guiding the ends of the plugs as the into register with the sockets.

12. 'I'he combination in a jar of the class described, of a thin-walled cup-shaped molded containing member adapted at its upper` periphery r for engagement with a closure of the cap type and having its interior diameter at thetop at least as large as is the interior diameter below the top, a molded base member adapted to permit the said containing member to be assembled vertically downward with respect thereto, the said base member having a peripheral annular portion which is in engagement adjacent its top with an annular portion. of the containing member and having a bottom wall positioned beneath the containing member, a plurality of vertically extending plugs on the bottom wall of oneof the members each of which plugs has thereon a plurality of narrow ns projecting outward from the main body of the plug, and a plurality of sockets on the bottom wall 'ofthe other of the members which sockets are of such size and so positioned as to receive the respective plugs and engagethe edges of the said ns thereon, the said sockets thereby cooperating with the plugs to frictionally resist relative upward movement of the containing member and also to positively prevent relative rotation between the two 'members.

13. The combination in a jar of the class described, of a thin-walled cup-shaped molded containing member adapted at its upper periphery for engagement with a closure of the cap type and having its interior diameter at the top at least as large as is the interior diameter below the top, a molded base member adapted to permit the said containing member to be assembled vertically downward with respect thereto, the said base member having a peripheral annular portion which is in engagement adjacent its top with an annular portion of the containing member and having a bottom wall positioned beneath the containing member, a plurality of vertically extending plugs on the bottom wall of one of the members each of which plugs has thereon two narrow vertical lns projecting outward from the main body of the plug in directions substantially perpendicular to a radius through the axis of the jar, and a plurality of cylindrical sockets on the bottom wall of the other of the members which sockets are of such size and so positioned as to receive the respective plugs and engage the edges of the said fins thereon, the said sockets thereby cooperating with the plugs to frictionally resist relative upward movement of the containing member and also to positively prevent relative rotation between the two members.

14. For a jar of the class described, a molded base memberhaving a bottom wall and also having an upstanding annular portion adapted to permit a containing member to be assembled vertically downward with respect thereto, the said base member having a plurality of sockets on its bottom wall of such size and so positioned as to be adapted to receive a plurality of vertically extending plugs on the bottom wall of the containing member.

15. For a jar of the class described, a molded base member having a bottom wall and also having an upstanding annular portion adapted to permit a containing member to be assembled vertically downward with respect thereto,` the said base member having a plurality of sockets on its bottom wall of such size and so positioned cally extending plugs on the bottom wall of the containing member and the said base member also having arcuate ribs between the sockets for guiding the ends of the plugs-` as the members are relatively rotated to bring the plugs into register with the sockets.

16. For a jar of the class described, of a thinwalled cup-shaped molded containing member externally threaded adjacent its upper periphery for engagement with a closure of the cap type and having its interior diameter at the top at least as large as is the interior diameter below the top, the said member having a plurality of vertically extending plugs on the bottom wall thereof of such size and so positioned as to be adapted to enter sockets on a base member.

17. For a jar of the class described, a thin- -walled cup-shaped molded containing member adapted at its upper periphery for engagement with a closure of theV cap type and having its interior diameter at the top at least as large as is the interior diameter below the top, the said member having a plurality of vertically extending plugs on the bottom wall thereof which plugs have thereon a plurality of narrow fins projecting outward from the main body of the plug and which plugs are of such size and. so positioned as to be adapted to enter sockets on a base member.

18. The combination in a jar ofv the class described, of a thin-walled cup-shaped molded containing member externally threaded adjacent Aits upper periphery for engagement with` a closure of the cap type and having its interior diameter at the top at least as large as is the interior diameter below the top, the said member having a thin outward projecting annular flange immediately below the thread, a molded base member adapted to permit the said containing member to be assembled vertically downward with respect thereto, the said base member having an annular portion which surrounds the lower portion of the containing member and is in engagement at its top edge with the bottom surface of the said flange and the said base member also having a bottom wall positioned beneath the containing member, a plurality of vertically extending plugs on the bottom wall of one of the members, and a plurality of sockets on the bottom wall of the other of the members, the said sockets being of such size and so positioned as to receive the respective plugs and thereby frictionally resist relative upward movement of the containing member and also positively prevent relative rotation between the two members.

BENJAMIN F. CONNER. 

